32 results
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... cyclophosphamide • Ischemic
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
re-vascularize the ischemic ... significant retinal ischemia ... Localized retinal ischemia ... causes upregulation ... #pathophysiology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... , Orbital apex syndrome ... Ophthalmoplegic migraine, Ischemic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... decreased renal renal ischemia ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... #TLS #diagnosis
Compartment Syndrome Pearls
A vicious cycle of increased pressure within a facial compartment leading to compression of
Compartment Syndrome ... Tissue hypoxia → Ischemia ... Ischemic injury ... after the onset of ischemia ... Treatment: • Elevate
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Definition: acute ischemic ... Doppler US : halo sign ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
from Myocardial Ischemia ... from myocardial ischemia ... life-threatening causes ... Pericarditis #Symptoms #Signs ... #Diagnosis