16 results
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... Definition: acute ischemic ... Doppler US : halo sign ... GiantCellArteritis #GCA #Rheumatology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... PBC Signs and ... Symptoms: • 50 ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
from Myocardial Ischemia ... from myocardial ischemia ... life-threatening causes ... #Pericarditis #Symptoms ... #Signs #Presentation
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... - Myocardial ischemia ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Nephrotic Syndrome, Ischemic ... Liver, IBD • ... coagulation and other causes ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology ... #hematology #differential
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
retinal edema caused ... by ischemia results ... axons death due to ischemia ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
Crises can be precipitated ... The underlying pathophysiology ... capillaries leading to ischaemia ... Crisis #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms