35 results
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... cyclophosphamide • Ischemic ... #rheumatology #
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... symptoms/signs, ... • Transient Ischemic ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... Definition: acute ischemic ... the optic nerve caused ... GiantCellArteritis #GCA #Rheumatology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Neurologic ... symptoms suggest ... Cannot Abduct • Ischemia ... unreactive pupil • Ischemia ... looking medially • Ischemia
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Indications for tPA in Stroke:
 • Clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke
 • Measurable neurologic deficit
 •
Clinical diagnosis of ischemic ... • Measurable neurologic ... deficit • Onset of symptoms ... present, in which case ... incomplete list): • Ischemic
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Sickle Cell Disease - Pathophysiology of disease and complications 

Due to the deformed shape, HbS induces
Cell Disease - Pathophysiology ... organs leading to ischemia ... SickleCell #Disease #Pathophysiology ... Complications #Hematology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Causes of Bone/Joint Pain in Sickle Cell Disease
Vaso-occlusive pain:
 • Mechanism: ischemic pain
 • Can present
Causes of Bone/Joint ... • Mechanism: ischemic ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology