50 results
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... cyclophosphamide • Ischemic
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
• Neurologic symptoms ... Cannot Abduct • Ischemia ... unreactive pupil • Ischemia ... looking medially • Ischemia ... #Ophthalmology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... , Orbital apex syndrome ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... Ophthalmoplegic migraine, Ischemic ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Is visual loss caused ... Definition: acute ischemic ... the optic nerve caused ... #Rheumatology #Ophthalmology
Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT) Treatment Algorithm
 - If concern for ischemic: anti-coag+multidisciplinary care
 - W/o cirrhosis+recent
If concern for ischemic ... multidisciplinary care - W/o cirrhosis ... anti-thrombotic tx - Cirrhosis ... : case-by-cased ... management #Algorithm #hepatology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... changes, stroke symptoms ... AKI, acute limb ischemia ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Optic Neuritis • Ischemic ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Causes of Biliary Dilatation - Differential Diagnosis
 • Physiological: ↑ Age, Cholecystectomy, Opioid dependence, Post-sphincterotomy
 •
Causes of Biliary ... sludge), Mirizzi's syndrome ... Parasitic infection, Ischaemic ... Biliary #Dilatation #causes ... differential #diagnosis #hepatology