41 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
> 50x normal - Ischemic ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... AST:ALT = 1 - Ischemia ... Viral Hepatitis, Ischemic ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
Liver Injury - Ichemic ... hepatitis - Acute biliary ... Hemochromatosis - Primary biliary ... #Differential #Hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Diagnosis ... Algorithm Symptoms ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary ... #Algorithm #hepatology
ISCHEMIA Trial - Management Algorithm for patients with Stable Angina

Stress Test -> ? +moderate or severe
ISCHEMIA Trial - ... moderate or severe ischemia ... unfamiliar with the ISCHEMIA ... on results of ISCHEMIA ... /alenghat/ #ISCHEMIA
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Drugs, Viral, Ischemia ... Congenital, Others, Cirrhosis ... - CBD stone, Biliary ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Causes of Biliary Dilatation - Differential Diagnosis
 • Physiological: ↑ Age, Cholecystectomy, Opioid dependence, Post-sphincterotomy
 •
Causes of Biliary ... AUPBD • Stones: Biliary ... Parasitic infection, Ischaemic ... @drkeithsiau #Biliary ... differential #diagnosis #hepatology
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
• NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... liver injury) • Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Definition: acute ischemic ... short posterior ciliary ... • Cephalic symptoms ... Constitutional symptoms
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia ... signs of cardiac ischaemia ... factors for cardiac ischaemia ... possible. ❺ If ischaemia ... #Cardiac #Ischemia