28 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
> 50x normal - Ischemic ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... AST:ALT = 1 - Ischemia ... Viral Hepatitis, Ischemic ... #LFTs #transaminitis
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
Function Tests (LFTs ... • NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... liver injury) • Ischemic ... Function #Tests #LFTs ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... • Others #LFTs ... #Hepatology #LiverEnzymes
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Drugs, Viral, Ischemia ... Congenital, Others, Cirrhosis ... Burak @kwburak #LFTs ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Anterior ischemic ... Definition: acute ischemic ... • Cephalic symptoms ... GiantCellArteritis #GCA #Rheumatology ... #Ophthalmology
Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) - Vasculitis Management Algorithm - ACR/VF 2021 Guidelines
 • Visual Symptoms/Loss or
Guidelines • Visual Symptoms ... Critical Cranial Ischemia ... Without Visual Symptoms ... Critical Cranial Ischemia ... Guidelines #algorithm #rheumatology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
• Neurologic symptoms ... Cannot Abduct • Ischemia ... unreactive pupil • Ischemia ... looking medially • Ischemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Hepatocellular Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
Liver Injury → liver test abnormalities without evidence of liver
• Vascular: Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology ... Transaminitis #LFTs
Features That Differentiate Acute Pericarditis from Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism

In contrast to the
from Myocardial Ischemia ... from myocardial ischemia ... associated with rheumatologic ... #Pericarditis #Symptoms
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
causes fluffy white ischemic ... Elschnig's Spots • Ischemia ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms