66 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
> 50x normal - Ischemic ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... AST:ALT = 1 - Ischemia ... , Ischemic Necrosis ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
• NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... Chronic Viral Hepatitis ... • Acute Viral Hepatitis ... liver injury) • Ischemic ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
Liver Injury - Ichemic ... hepatitis - Acute ... injury - Viral Hepatitis ... - Autoimmune hepatitis ... #Differential #Hepatology
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Etiologies of Cirrhosis ... Inflammation - Hepatitis ... 15 percent) - Hepatitis ... disease (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... #Differential #Hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Drugs/Toxins • Ischemia ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
• Budd-Chiari Syndrome ... Infectious • Hepatitis ... • Alcoholic Hepatitis ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... Algorithm #Causes #Hepatology
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
liver disease (cirrhosis ... or chronic hepatitis ... failure - 3-5% Cirrhosis ... Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
those with CLD (± cirrhosis ... months without treatment ... (DILI) Viral Hepatitis ... Liver #Failure #Cirrhosis ... #Hepatology #gastroenterology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... that will cause ischemia ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... cyclophosphamide • Ischemic ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... • Autoimmune hepatitis ... See Updated Schema ... Transaminases #hepatitis ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology