22 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... fever, Infective endocarditis ... fever, Infective endocarditis ... leak, Infective endocarditis ... diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
Endocarditis checklist ... consultation • Valve regurgitation ... • Aggressive management ... #checklist #criticalcare ... #diagnosis #management
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
aortic and mitral regurgitation ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #diagnosis #management
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
• Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... peritonitis, and endocarditis ... Specificity of 97%) Treatment ... microbiology #diagnosis #management
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
in Anaesthesia Caused ... thoracotomy is a better treatment ... Plan definitive management ... Intraoperative #Checklist ... #Diagnosis #Management
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Treatment depends ... maintained fever CAUSES ... #Differential #Causes ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia #Checklist ... #Diagnosis #Management
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
arrest where other causes ... trolley, anaphylaxis treatment ... require prolonged treatment ... Intraoperative #Checklist ... #Diagnosis #Management
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
❹ Call for MH treatment ... , invasive BP, CVP ... COMPLICATIONS AND OUTLINE TREATMENTS ... Intraoperative #Checklist ... #Diagnosis #Management
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
Diagnosis and Management ... infections are caused ... Endophthalmitis, Endocarditis ... this morphology Treatment ... #treatment #fungal
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
aortic and mitral regurgitation ... Septic emboli cause ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... Treat underlying cause ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation