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diagnosis hematology oncology differential management mds myelodysplastic algorithm aplastic chronic cll gap lymphocytic myelodysplasia protein proteingap secondary syndromes workup
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis): • Acute infection • Solid organ
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... malignancies • Anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Chronic myeloid leukemia ... #hematology #secondary
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Spurious: • Artifact (redo CBC) Autonomous: • Essential thrombocytosis • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... #Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... #hematology #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
and petechiae Causes ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... Treatment: ... antithymocyte globulin ... #oncology #hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
• Neutropenia, anemia ... increase in gamma globulins ... microglobulin Treatment ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... • Sezary syndrome
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... basophilia, and thrombocytosis ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Out Secondary Causes ... Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... • Hairy Cell Leukemia ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... #diagnosis #hematology
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4) Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap: •
Causes of Monoclonal ... • Plasma cell leukemia ... changes (POEMS syndrome ... : Lymphoma, Leukemia ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell anemia
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