132 results
Pathologic Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphologies and Associated Diseases

Acanthocyte (spur cell),  
Basophilic stippling, 
Bite cell,
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... cell, Other RBC ... bodies, Howell-Jolly ... bodies #RBC
Common RBC Inclusions and Associations
 • Howell Jolly Bodies: Hyposplenism, Asplenism, Severe hemolytic anemia
 • Heinz
Common RBC Inclusions ... Associations • Howell Jolly ... Sickle cell, MDS #RBC
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
dysmorphic RBC’s, RBC ... /WBC casts, proteinuria ... tract), terminal (bladder
Common ultrasound abnormalities seen on kidney and urinary bladder POCUS

- Dr. Abhilash Koratala MD - NephroPOCUS
Common ultrasound ... kidney and urinary bladder ... NephroP #kidney #bladder ... diagnosis #pocus #ultrasound
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Upper Tract (above bladder ... - Lower Tract (bladder ... Glomerular (Dysmorphic RBCs ... and/or RBC casts
Foley Catheter Balloon on Bladder Ultrasound

In the bladder we can build a snowman, and pretend that
Catheter Balloon on Bladder ... Ultrasound In ... the bladder we ... catheter #balloon #Bladder ... #Mass #Ultrasound
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: 3 or more RBC ... hematuria: - RBC ... - Dysmorphic RBC ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... Renal/Ureter/Bladder
POCUS Reference Measurements
 • Gallbladder
 • Urinary Bladder
 • GI Tract
 • Pregnancy
 • Optic Nerve
Gallbladder • Urinary Bladder ... #Measurements #Ultrasound
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Upper Tract - Bladder ... NOT distended on ultrasound ... Tract - Distended bladder ... on ultrasound, ... , nocturia - Bladder
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
obstruction, neurogenic bladder ... : Infection of bladder ... Malaise, Incr WBC ... CFU/L) Incr WBC ... (>10 WBC/gL)