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diagnosis differential algorithm management causes nephrology cardiology pharmacology hypokalemia ekg potassium treatment hypercalcemia table ecg pathophysiology clinical endocrinology hematology workup
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... Approach • MILD K+ ... rise • SEVERE K+ ... Consider cause of hyperkalaemia ... recurrence #Hyperkalemia
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma): • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... Preferentially captures K ... desired serum K ... Exchanges calcium for K; ... Mechanism: Sodium-K
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia: • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample! • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... analyzed, releasing K+ ... to excrete more K+ ... reduce plasma [K+ ... ] #Hyperkalemia
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis Increased extracellular K+: • Tissue injury • Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... extracellular K+ ... acute iatrogenic K+ ... injection Decreased K+ ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... • Digoxin • K ... colonic necrosis • K ... K supplement 3
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... • Digoxin • K ... colonic necrosis • K ... K supplement 3
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia. - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... - At K = 5.0 to ... - At K = 6.0 to ... - At K = 6.5 to ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... treatment leadingto hyperkalemia ... Intracellular K+ ... Shift 3) K+ Excretion ... / Removal #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework • Cellular Shift: - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... tacrolimus - Hyperkalemic ... to Aldosterone: K ... Hemolysis • Pseudo hyperkalemia ... Medicine @ucsdim #Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia on EKG "Mild" Hyperkalemia • Peaked, narrow-based T Waves • Double counting of HR by EKG
Hyperkalemia on ... EKG "Mild" Hyperkalemia ... machine "Moderate" Hyperkalemia ... pattern "Severe" Hyperkalemia ... both the absolute K+
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