274 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... the urine Urine K+ ... (<2.5 mEq K+/mmol ... Diarrhea Urine K+ ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Stimulation of Na/K-ATPase ... which imports K+ ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
that Impair Renal Potassium ... Decreased Na, K-ATPase ... Pharmacology #Impaired #Potassium
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
analyzed, releasing K+ ... to excrete more K+ ... reduce plasma [K+ ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm
To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Algorithm To assess potassium ... alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ... During hypokalemia (K⁺ ... suggest renal K ... nephrology #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm
 • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation
 • Reconsider treatment leadingto
and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ ... Shift 3) K+ Excretion ... Algorithm #treatment #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... (K) & magnesium( ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Diarrhea A urine K/ ... #differential #potassium
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... Preferentially captures K ... desired serum K ... Mechanism: Sodium-K ... of aspiration #Potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Digoxin • K ... • Recent IV potassium ... colonic necrosis • K ... K supplement 3 ... diagnosis #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Digoxin • K ... • Recent IV potassium ... colonic necrosis • K ... K supplement 3 ... diagnosis #causes #potassium