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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Acute Respiratory Distress ... injury, leading ... Berlin criteria ... be detected on CT ... Diagnosis #Management #CriticalCare
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
sliding/barcode sign ... pleura in severe cases ... - Dynamic air ... Acute Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome (ARDS)
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria ... be present on a chest ... computed tomographic (CT ... lobar collapse, lung ... #Diagnosis #CriticalCare
Hampton hump is a radiologic sign which consists of a shallow wedge-shaped opacity in the periphery
is a radiologic sign ... periphery of the lung ... hump along may aid ... In this case, pulmonary ... CT angiography.
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
blood cells in the lung ... Traumatic brain injury ... capillaries • Criteria ... nervous system injury ... infiltrates on chest
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
bronchial wall injury ... Loss of weight • Chest ... Nasal polyps and signs ... thickening, presence of air-fluid ... CT) • Broncho-arterial
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
over areas of stress ... Auto-immune attack on hair ... inflammation tends to cause ... disease/pulmonary ... pathophysiology #signs
TRALI Diagnostic Criteria
TRALI type 1 - Patients who have no risk factors for ARDS and meet
< 90% on room air ... evidence of bilateral pulmonary ... on imaging (eg. chest ... chest CT, or ultrasound ... #pulmonary #criticalcare
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
• Pleuritic chest ... • CT: Halo sign ... factor • May cause ... Infections #HIV #AIDS ... #pulmonary #differential
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
injury • Indirect ... organizing pneumonia, ARDS ... acute respiratory distress ... Pleuritic chest ... reticular opacities on chest