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Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Cardiovascular Causes ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... Pneumothorax Other Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Cardiology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... cause quadriplegia ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... Maternal viremia causes ... jaundice and RUQ pain
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
Ear Pain (Otalgia ... Primary Otalgia - Pain ... from the ear - Pain ... - Intermittent pain ... vision or black spots
Pelvis Insufficiency fractures
 - Back pain consistently one of the top three most common ER chief
fractures - Back pain ... a major pelvic cause ... of low back pain ... Typically occult on plain ... Pelvic #diagnosis #radiology
Pain, Agitation, and Delirium (PAD) in the ICU
Addressing the ICU Triad (PAD) can be accomplished through
Total scores >2 ... the ICU due to short ... it should not cause ... bradycardia • Ketamine ... dissociative drug, it causes
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
Chest Pain - Differential ... Cardiovascular Causes ... / Mediastinal Causes ... Embolism (chest pain ... ChestPain #Noncardiac #Cardiology
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
Mechanisms of Pain ... Well-localized, sharp, short ... Complex regional pain ... Spinal injury #Pain ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
Causes of Sudden ... Channelopathies: Long/short ... Cardiac #Arrest #cardiology ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Right Sided Heart Failure Mnemonic: "AW HEAD"
ANOREXIA & NAUSEA 

WEIGHT GAIN 

HEPATOMEGALY 

EDEMA (BIPEDAL) 

ASCITES 

DISTENDED
HEAD" ANOREXIA & NAUSEA ... WEIGHT GAIN ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
to distal ulna, pain ... ED Management: Pain ... Wrist #Carpal #Radiology ... #Orthopedics #Sports