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Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
Causes of blood ... culture negative ... Eikenella corrodens, Kingella ... febrilepodcast] #BCNIE #Causes ... #culture #negative
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... cultures remain negative ... but important causes ... Eikenella corrodens, Kingella ... #BloodCulture #Negative
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
vs Noninfective Causes ... HACEK • Culture-negative ... epidermidis • Gram-negative ... Enterococcus • Gram-negative ... #Noninfective #Causes
Important Biostatistics and Epidemiology Equations

Sensitivity = TP / (TP + FN) = true positives / disease
FP + TN) = true negatives ... all positives Negative ... FN + TN) = true negatives ... / all negatives ... Specificity) Negative
Drugs Causing Acute Pancreatitis

Class Ia: The medications in which there was a rechallenge and other causes
rechallenge and other causes ... out other common causes ... Class II: Cases ... and atleast4 case ... #Pancreatitis #Causes
USMLE Epidemiology and Biostatistics Summary
Meta-Analysis: pools data from several studies (greater power), limited by quality/bias of
Proves cause-effect ... 100%, then all negative ... disease who test negative ... proportion of negative ... that are true negatives
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
Endocarditis Native ... epidermidis - Gram-negative ... ) - Culture negative ... Enterococci - Gram-negative ... streptococci - Culture negative
Faget Sign - Pulse-Temperature Dissociation
Causes of Relative Bradycardia
 • Infectious Causes: Legionella, Psittacosis, Q fever, Typhoid
Dissociation Causes ... of Relative Bradycardia ... • Infectious Causes ... Non-Infectious Causes ... #Dissociation #relative
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Plasma-Lyte - Causes ... - Causes lactic ... - Can cause a NAGMA ... removed- trials were negative
HACEK is the acronym commonly used to describe and help doctors to remember a group of
fastidious Gram-negative ... which can also cause ... endocarditis is caused ... endocarditis is caused