12 results
Severe Mitral Stenosis- The physical examination revealed a right parasternal heave, a loud S1, a midpeaking
murmur (grade 2/ ... An electrocardiogram ... video and Panel A; LA ... clinical #doppler #radiology ... stenosis #cardio
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
Echocardiogram (1) ... (2) Lvef 25-30% ... (4) All 4 cardiac ... (7) patient in atrial ... #a4c #thrombus
Approach to ECGs
Check
 - Age, gender, name
 - 25mm/s; 10mm/mV
 - 1mm = 40ms; 0.1 mV
Rate
x 10 Rhythm (1) ... : WPW, ectopic atrial ... pacer - QTc < 1/ ... Approach #ECG #EKG #diagnosis ... #electrocardiogram
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
(LV thrombus, LAA ... Angiography or Cardiac ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... PFO, ASD, h/o of cardiac ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis
Radiation Injury
Acute Radiation Toxicity primarily affects rapidly dividing cells based on dosage
Hematopoiteic - Pancytopenia, Infection
 •
Gy • Onset <2 ... • Onset Hours Cardio ... people) = 4.5 Gy. 1 ... Gy = ~10,000 CXRs ... Injury #Toxicity #diagnosis
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Mitral valve doesn ... sinus rhythm... 1. ... This can be LA aneurysm ... idiopathic. 2. ... #clinical #cardiology
Lead AVR on ECG
1. Acute myocardial infarction: ST elevation > 1.5 mm in aVR, indicative of
Lead AVR on ECG 1. ... anterior descending (LAD ... failure, and death. 2. ... Subepicardial atrial ... #leadAVR #ecg #electrocardiogram
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... Cardioversion 1. ... cardioversion 2. ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
ankle swelling. 2. ... → no signs of CXR ... congestion. 2. ... Consider cardiac ... Other: Electrocardiogram
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
exam Determine Cardiac ... one post op Cardiology ... postoperative cardiac ... CARP, DECREASE V trials ... stratification #diagnosis