9 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
acidosis: Proximal ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... ULN • AST/ALT Elevation ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
excretion (e.g., urine ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome ... #Elevation #Differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
, TTKG, distal flow ... Non-Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis • Hyperosmolarity ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Acidosis B. ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification