15 results
Differential diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Nodular LCH:
- Sarcoidosis: perilymphatic distribution.
- Metastases: random distribution.
Cystic LCH:
- LAM: round
Nodular LCH: - Sarcoidosis ... Cystic LCH: - LAM ... : round cysts, evenly ... #Cysts #Differential ... #Comparison #Table
Sellar / Pituitary Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Adenoma - Primary Anterior Pituitary
 - Secreting
Sellar / Pituitary ... Primary Anterior Pituitary ... • TSH • LH ... Meningioma • Cyst ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Low Attenuation pattern 
1. Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM): uniform cysts in woman of child-bearing age; no history of
(LAM): uniform cysts ... LCH: multiple round ... bizarre shaped cysts ... LowAttenuation #Cystic ... Pattern #Comparison #Table
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Brief Overview
LH and FSH are required for follicular development and
Brief Overview LH ... - FSH from pituitary ... from pituitary ... release from pituitary ... #menstruation #endocrinology
Low Attenuation pattern (2) 
1. Centrilobular emphysema: low attenuation areas without walls. Notice the centrilobular artery
histiocytosis (LCH ... multiple thick walled cysts ... (LAM): regular cysts ... LowAttenuation #Cystic ... Pattern #Comparison #Table
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... Pituitary adenomas ... • For pituitary ... following order; GH, LH ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis
Estrogen, when released:
 • Negatively feeds back on the hypothalamus and
The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian ... hypothalamus and anterior pituitary ... hypothalamus and anterior pituitary ... to Increased LH ... HypothalamicPituitary #endocrinology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Ovulation Explained

Around Day 14, estrogen exerts sudden +++ positive feedback
on the anterior pituitary ... understood) -> surge in LH ... production and release LH ... 36 hours after LH ... pathophysiology #Ovulation #endocrinology
Cushing Syndrome Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Suspected Cushing syndrome (central obesity, muscle weakness, refractory hypertension)
Testing:
Urine Free by LC-MS ... adrenal glands, pituitary ... diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
secretion -> Decr FSH/LH ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... pathophysiology #pituitary