6 results
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Most Common Causes ... moderate-to-severe cases ... - BAR >1.0 is abnormal ... ) • Pulmonary function ... Bronchoscopy Laboratory
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
unclear (often the case ... then go to stim testing ... Standard Stim test ... this indicates normal ... adrenal function
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
ACTH stimulation test ... aldosterone - Low in cases ... aldosterone - Often normal ... Insufficiency #Evaluation #laboratory ... #diagnosis #testing
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Urinis", determined heating ... Clarity Dipstick test ... • Urinary casts ... renal function. ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... confirmed via genetic testing ... continued in most cases ... ; interpretation ... dependent upon local laboratory
Delayed Fracture Healing - Non-Union - Malunion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Inflammation (Hours-Days) -> Soft Callus (Days-Weeks)
deviations from normal ... axis Non Functional ... Misalignment before casting ... • Premature cast ... #Orthopedics #Causes