9 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
) = {Na - (Cl + ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Diarrhea • RENAL ... LOSS: - Diuresis ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... gas transport, renal ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... resistance • Metabolic ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Generalized distal nephron ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... Normotensive - No diuretic ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Effects of Prostaglandins and NSAIDs on the Kidney
Effects of Prostaglandins on the Kidney:
 • The vasodilatory
importance in renal ... hormones that act ... increased in CKD ag ... perfusion of remaining nephrons ... #nephrology #pharmacology