10 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
Mitral Stenosis ... Echocardiogram (a4c ... ) Mitral stenosis ... #Thrombus #a4c ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology
Valvular vs Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation - Classification
Valvular:
 • Presence of moderate-to-severe mitral stenosis or artificial (mechanical)
Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation ... moderate-to-severe mitral ... stenosis or artificial ... mechanical) heart valve ... heart valve
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... stenosis Rheumatic ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... thrombus - When ... #differential #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Valve (Vegetation ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... vessels • Atrial Fibrillation ... disease, prosthetic valve ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (A4C)

35yoF presents with acute onset atrial fibrillation.  POCUS shows dilated
Echocardiogram (A4C ... atrium & poor mitral ... valve coaptation ... Echocardiogram #A4C ... #clinical #cardiology
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
Heart Disease - Mitral ... Stenosis on Echocardiogram ... patient in atrial fibrillation ... #clinical #cardiology ... #a4c #thrombus
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
TEE to exclude thrombus ... Moderate or severe mitral ... stenosis • Mechanical ... heart valve ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... Endocarditis • Mitral ... Regurgitation • Mitral ... Stenosis • Myocardial ... • Tricuspid Stenosis
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
RV), tricuspid valve ... lost in atrial fibrillation ... tricuspid/pulmonic stenosis ... Success of mitral ... valve repair (ie
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Arrhythmias: • Atrial fibrillation ... heart failure • Mitral ... valve prolapse ... insufficiency, stenosis ... ) • Severe mitral