16 results
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric Kidney ... using urine strainer ... protein - Low ... : Liver and/or kidney ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... HCO3- • Low Urine ... #urine #potassium ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Nephrolithiasis - Differential ... urine volume ... Medullary sponge kidney ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... urinary losses: • High ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... - Diarrhea - High ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... #differential # ... #high #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... high in kidney ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... amino acids in kidney ... Mycoplasma infections, High ... #Types #Renal #stones ... #differential #
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Weakness - Dark urine ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... #differential # ... #high #nephrology