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diagnosis hypokalemia causes hypomagnesemia chloride classification gitelman hypochloremia management syndrome
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
if renal function ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses Non-renal ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... suggests extra-renal ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
steatorrhea) • Renal ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... aldosterone • Renal ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Magnesium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into
infarction, head injury ... Renal 1. ... Magnesium deficiency ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low
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