57 results
Cellular and humoral immune responses of the adaptive immune system. Activated T cells accomplish cellular immune
Cellular and humoral immune ... of the adaptive immune ... associated with CD4 ... or CD8, depending ... ImmuneResponses #immunology #pathophysiology
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
CD3-CD4+ T cells ... malignancy - Immune ... hypereosinophilia #HE #Differential
Immune Reactions and Immunosuppressant Drugs

Glucocorticoids - Inhibition of cytokine synthesis, e.g., IL-1, IL-2
Muromonab-CD3 - Monoclonal antibody
Calcineurin
Immune Reactions ... IL-2 Muromonab-CD3 ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... immunofluorescence Immune ... Goodpasture's) Pauci-immune ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis #differential
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... →Activation of CD8 ... that disrupts immune ... Others: Cellular immune ... Unknown cause Treatment
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
symptomatology Differential ... Syndromes: • Pauci-Immune ... Cryoglobulinemia) • Immune ... Investigations • Labs: CBC ... Renal #Syndrome #differential
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
Difficile Infection (CDI ... Perforation) Pathophysiology ... despite appropriate treatment ... Treatment Guideline ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Thrombocytosis - Differential ... Artifact (redo CBC ... effect following treatment ... Thrombocytosis #Differential
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... reconstituted immune ... Leishmaniasis Differential ... #IRIS #Immune ... Inflammatory #Syndrome #Differential
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) - Pathophysiology
Risk factors:
 - Low CD4 count
 - Disseminated OI
 -
Immune Reconstitution ... Syndrome (IRIS) - Pathophysiology ... factors: - Low CD4 ... duration or OI treatment ... Syndrome #IRIS #Pathophysiology