12 results
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Acquired (e.g., iHD) Cirrhosis ... Metabolism Severe Anemia ... #HeartFailure #CHF ... #Pathophysiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... 5-10x normal - Chronic ... 1 - Ischemia, CHF ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Causes of Wide Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis
Physiologic:
 • Advanced age-arteriosclerosis (less compliant arteries)
 • Well
iron deficiency anemia ... viscosity) - anemia ... Beriberi - Cirrhosis ... disorders - Chronic ... Diagnosis #causes #cardiology
Anemia of Chronic Disease - Pathophysiology
One theory to explain why "anemia of chronic disease" exists:
The inflammatory
Anemia of Chronic ... Disease - Pathophysiology ... #anemia #chronic ... #disease #hematology ... #pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... : Chronic heart ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... iron deficiency anemia ... - Obesity - Cirrhosis ... disorders - Chronic ... #causes #cardiology
Nutrition in Cirrhosis: Dos and Don’ts
Screening:
 • Patients at risk for RFH-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool
 • Low
Nutrition in Cirrhosis ... complications of chronic ... of nutrition in chronic ... diet #management #hepatology ... #pathophysiology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
syndrome, Congestion/CHF ... > 2 • NASH, Chronic ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... injury: > 3 • Chronic ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
thigh bones -> chronic ... • Pernicious anemia ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
blood cell count (anemia ... • Aplastic Anemia ... Marrow Failure • Chronic ... factors (examples: G-CSF ... Syndromes #diagnosis #hematology