22 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Primary #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... aldosteronism #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... • Renal losses ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #phosphate
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... Kidney Phosphate ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low