60 results
Tumor lysis syndrome refers to the constellation of metabolic disturbances that occurs when large numbers of
Tumor lysis syndrome ... hyperuricemia, #hyperkalemia ... hyperphosphatemia, #hypocalcemia ... acutekidneyinjury #Pathophysiology ... Presentation #TLS #Workup
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Hyperphosphatemia, Acute ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... @aishaikh #Hypocalcemia ... #Workup #Differential
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... glycosides • High acute ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia
BRASH Syndrome

B - Bradycardia
R - Renal failure
A - AV nodal blockade
S - Shock
H - Hyperkalemia

Typical ECG
BRASH Syndrome ... ) BRASH Treatment ... • Aggressive treatment ... DrEricStrong #BRASH #Syndrome ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... diuresis, Bartter's syndrome ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... heart failure, neurologic ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... cardiac imaging #Acute ... #Injury #AKI #Workup
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... paraproteinemia, acute ... Insulin/Glucose, Acute ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... diagnosis #table #neurology