2727 results
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Lactose intolerance ... Normal fecal fat: Lactose ... intolerance, Sorbitol, lactulose ... Chronic #Diarrhea #management
Pharmacologic Management of Constipation 
Fiber Laxatives
 - Bran powder
 - Psyllium
 - Methylcellulose
 - Calcium polycarbophil
Pharmacologic Management ... hydroxide - Lactulose ... Pharmacologic #Management
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Kayexylate +/- lactulose ... #Hyperkalemia #management
Algorithm for Treating Constipation in Hospitalized Patients
1. Start with miralax daily, uptitrate to desired BM, consider
cirrhosis: choose lactulose ... Constipation #Algorithm #management
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
Diagnosis and Management ... precipitating factors Lactulose ... used in cases of lactulose ... using as add-on to lactulose ... Classification #Diagnosis #Management
Management of Abdominal Distension and Bloating - Treatment Algorithm

Definitions
Pathophysiology
Organic/Pathologic Etiologies:
 • Small Intestinal Bowel Overgrowth (SIBO)
Management of Abdominal ... Overgrowth (SIBO) • Lactulose ... Distension #Bloating #Management
Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc)- Diagnosis and Management Summary
Opportunistic bacteria, Healthcare Associated Infection
Gram-Negative Bacilli, Non-lactose fermenting, oxidase
Diagnosis and Management ... Gram-Negative Bacilli, Non-lactose ... cepacia #Diagnosis #Management
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
sugar or urinary lactulose ... also important Management ... Cystitis #diagnosis #management
Pharmacologic Management of Constipation
Commonly used laxatives:
 • Bulk-forming laxatives - Psyllium, methylcellulose, polycarbophil
 • Osmotic laxatives
Pharmacologic Management ... glycol, sorbitol, lactulose ... #Constipation #Management
Hepatic Encephalopathy Treatment
 • Lactulose:
    - Oral liquid, 30-45mL 2-4x/day, titrated to 2-4
Treatment • Lactulose ... Encephalopathy #Treatment #management