11 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
injury, often from vascular ... clumsiness in hands ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... stopping walking (vascular ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
constipation Differential ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... extremity muscle ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... cyanosis - Cool extremity ... #diagnosis #lower ... #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
signs below the ... Vascular/Blockage ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... , lower extremity ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
4) progressive muscular ... segment: Upper extremity ... , lower extremity ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Vascular disorders ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms ... Vertigo #Causes #differential
Hoover's Sign for Functional Lower Extremity Paralysis

Used to distinguish organic from functional leg hemiparesis.

Ask the patient
Functional Lower ... Extremity Paralysis ... Ask the patient ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #neurology #psychiatry
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... lower respiratory ... bullous or vesicular ... purpura: strong sign ... extremities, upper extremity
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... purpura: Strong sign ... pulse deficits vascular ... affects the skin, neurologic ... cognitive impairment, neurologic