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Infographic depicting the main pearls of various types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia for the medical student.
#CAH #algorithm ... #causes #pediatrics ... treatment #Peds #Endocrinology ... #Adrenal #pathophysiology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... Heart failure - CAD ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... syndrome Other Causes ... - Anxiety - Deconditioning
Steroid Synthesis Pathway

(OH, hydroxy; HSD, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; pink, common enzymes affecting CAH, purple –
enzymes affecting CAH ... Pathway #metabolism #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Vitamin D Metabolism
Fat-soluble vitamin
Sources: dermal synthesis and food (dairy products, fish)
Active form: calcitriol (1,25-OH Vitamin D)
Main
absorption of Ca ... VitaminD #Metabolism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... increased bone Ca2 ... to increased GI Ca2 ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
gestational diseases can ... the pituitary can ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Hashitoxicosis

‘Leakage’ symptoms of active Hashimoto’s disease

- Hashitoxicosis (Htx) can occur during the initial hyperthyroid stage in
Hashitoxicosis (Htx) can ... thyroiditis that causes ... Leakage’ phenomenon can ... Hashitoxicosis #Hashimotos #Endocrinology ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Hirsutism - Differential Diagnosis
Defined as excessive dark, coarse, male-pattern hair growth
Hirsutism causes in premenopausal women:
 •
growth Hirsutism causes ... • Non-classic CAH ... tumors Hirsutism causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #endocrinology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
URT inflammation causes ... severe swelling causes ... severe swelling causes ... if symptomatic can ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology