13 results
Apley Compression Test on Knee Examination

With the patient prone, the knee being tested is flexed to
while the other leg ... force on the leg ... indicative of meniscal injury ... for ligamentous injury ... #PhysicalExam #
Patellar Ballottement Test for Knee Effusion on Physical Examination

With the patient supine, the leg can be
Test for Knee Effusion ... patient supine, the leg ... be performed by compressing ... Ballottement #Test #Knee ... #Effusion #PhysicalExam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... stenosis/nerve compression ... Trauma • Crush injury ... #pain #differential ... extremity #msk #physicalexam
Apley Compression Test on Knee Exam

Patient is prone with leg flexed 90 degrees.
Tibia is rotated medially
Test on Knee Exam ... is prone with leg ... suggests meniscal injury ... suggests ligamentous injury ... #Test #Knee #PhysicalExam
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential ... bearing after injury ... injuries - Meniscal injury ... Intra-articulation fracture - Patellar ... diagnosis #msk #physicalexam
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... and bilateral leg ... fracture or prolonged compression ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... #physicalexam
Apley Distraction Test on Knee Examination

With the patient prone, the knee being tested is flexed to
while the other leg ... distraction force on the leg ... than meniscal injury ... (seen with compression ... #PhysicalExam #
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Immune mediated injury ... • Malignant HTN ... syndrome: - Compression ... #Hematuria #Differential
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... caused by: - Compression ... multiradicular pain - Leg ... syndromes #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... heart failure, neurologic ... or acute kidney injury ... most pts have HTN ... Neurologic disorders