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diagnosis neurology hypokalemia syndrome als amyotrophic classification crrt curve dissociation elevation encephalopathy gitelman hyperkalemia k lactate lactic lateral left managment
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e. increased
- incr H+ (acidosis ... - Sickle cell anemia ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Right #Shift #Differential ... #Causes #Diagnosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... e.g., uptake by cells ... Acute pulmonary edema ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... #Elevation #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
including laxative, enema ... Renal tubular acidosis ... megaloblastic anemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Diagnosis and Management ... only if no clear cause ... Drives K+ into cells ... caution in HTN & edema ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Reversible course Differential ... the underlying cause ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary Indications (AIEOU): • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
(AIEOU): • A: Acidosis ... Overload (pulmonary edema ... Dialyzer is rigid case ... #Therapy #RRT #managment ... #nephrology #CRRT
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... - Causes progressive ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Pleocytosis > 100 cells ... • Infectious causes ... Myelitis #diagnosis #management ... #neurology #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
apical membrane of cells ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
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