13 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Investigations: full blood ... , urine microscopy ... clinical context and signs ... #Kidney #Injury
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Blood (hemoglobin ... Microscopic exam ... • Red blood cells ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Acute Tubular Necrosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... casts are seen in acute ... broad - Advanced kidney ... Urinary #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
These cells can ... The underlying pathophysiology ... 2) Aplasia - Acute ... Crisis #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... smooth muscle cells ... unloading • Kidney ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... cells in the lung ... common causes of acute ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
trucking" • Acute ... Retina • Ganglion cells ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... • Other symptoms ... UA positive for blood ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... tubular cells
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
diet, hormones, urine ... Chronic retention of urine ... Hydronephrosis, Acute ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... #Urology #Signs
Non-Infective Endocarditis (NBTE / Marantic Endocarditis)
Non-infective endocarditis is also known as: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), Aseptic
Vegetations may be microscopic ... Inflammatory cells ... pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... Marantic #diagnosis #pathophysiology