10 results
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
and workup ... - Progressive amnesia ... #Differential # ... Subtypes #Classification ... #Workup #Diagnosis
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
stored red blood cells ... - Sickle cell anemia ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Right #Shift #Differential ... #Causes #Diagnosis
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Sickle cells ... #workup #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... abnormal under a microscope ... Workup: • Complete ... blood count with differential ... Myelodysplastic #Syndromes #diagnosis
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology ... #Hematology #Diagnosis ... #NonHodgkin #differential
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
Weight loss • Anemia ... Immune hemolytic anemia ... Hodgkin Lymphoma Workup ... Immunohistochemical studies (to differentiate ... #classification
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
SvO2 → Low PaO2 ANEMIC ... CYTOPATHIC HYPOXIA - Cells ... summary #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #pathophysiology
Non-Infective Endocarditis (NBTE / Marantic Endocarditis)
Non-infective endocarditis is also known as: Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), Aseptic
Vegetations may be microscopic ... embolize • Cannot differentiate ... Inflammatory cells ... absent How can we differentiate ... #pathophysiology
Anemia of Hospitalization - Pathophysiology

Why does the Hgb/Hct drop in the first two days during hospitalization?

Interestingly,
- Pathophysiology ... phlebotomy/ blood work ... of unnecessary diagnostic ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... Diagnosis The ... e.g., uptake by cells ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... #typea #typeb #classification