52 results
A Lewis Lead (also called the S5 lead) is a modified ECG lead used to detect
is a modified ECG ... clinically, based on signs ... standard 12 lead ECG ... Lead I on the ECG ... #Cardiology #EKG
Tree in Bud Sign
The Tree-in-Bud sign represents Endobronchial spread in a linear branching pattern and centrilobular
Tree in Bud Sign ... The Tree-in-Bud sign ... It is caused by ... diagnosis #clinical #radiology ... #ChestCT #pathophysiology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
excess secretion of hCG ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... - Congenital (e.g ... HeartFailure #CHF #Pathophysiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... tissue expansion (e.g ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Tuberculosis: can cause ... Reduced libido • Signs ... Administer 250 mcg ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
can be seen on EKG ... in refractory cases ... #Pericarditis #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
diffusion of K+ out of cells ... may cause serum ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
Signs of immunodeficiency ... to produce all classes ... humoral immunity Signs ... bacterial infections (e.g ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology