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diagnosis differential management causes hypokalemia lysis neurology tumor acutekidneyinjury aids allergy als amyotrophic associated cairoandbishop chloride defects dementia disorder epithelial
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
Particular CD4+ Th cells ... harmful -> Th Cells ... macrophages, mast cells ... Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift Into Cells ... imports K+ into cells ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Tumor lysis syndrome refers to the constellation of metabolic disturbances that occurs when large numbers of
Tumor lysis syndrome ... of neoplastic cells ... acutekidneyinjury #Pathophysiology ... #Presentation #TLS
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Tubule Epithelial Cells ... ascending limb Gitelman ... number of principal cell ... alpha-Intercalated cell ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology
Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) Pathophysiology Culprits: ALL, Burkitt, SCLC Cells all die at once = ↑Phos, ↓Ca, ↑K,
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... (TLS) Pathophysiology ... Burkitt, SCLC Cells ... #Tumor #Lysis #Syndrome ... #TLS #Pathophysiology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Redistribution/ Shift into cells ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... leukapheresis - TLS ... : • Pathophysiology ... Lysis of tumor cells ... #TLS #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... cotransporter • Gitelman's ... apical membrane of cells ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... smooth muscle cells ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... - Microglial cells ... are the immune cells ... between nerve cells ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
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