21 results
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
, Intermediate Action ... block alpha & beta adrenergic ... ++ influx into cells ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... #pathophysiology
Immune Reactions and Immunosuppressant Drugs

Glucocorticoids - Inhibition of cytokine synthesis, e.g., IL-1, IL-2
Muromonab-CD3 - Monoclonal antibody
Calcineurin
Immune Reactions ... Immunosuppressant #Drugs #Pharmacology ... #Pathophysiology ... #immunology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology ... , Intermediate Action ... block alpha & beta adrenergic ... Antiarrhythmics #Pharmacology ... #pathophysiology
Innate Immune Cells - Pathophysiology
The innate immune system consists of granulocytes, mast cells, natural killer cells,
Innate Immune Cells ... - Pathophysiology ... antigens on MHC class ... #Pathophysiology ... #immunology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Nonreabsorbable anions ... Alkalemia • Adrenergic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification
Class I (Ia, Ib, Ic) - Na+ Channel Blockade
 • Slows depolarization
Classification Class ... depolarization in fast AP cells ... depolarization in slow AP cells ... Blockade • Prolongs action ... #cardiology #pharmacology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
exposure to allergen causes ... harmful -> Th Cells ... macrophages, mast cells ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy #Immunology ... #pathophysiology
Second Generation Antipsychotics: Mechanisms and Side Effects
(Atypical Anti-Psychotics) - Examples: Clozapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Zotepine, Paliperidone,
variable within the class ... Antagonism - Block action ... brain) • alpha1-Adrenergic ... Block Histamine action ... #SideEffects #pharmacology
Inflammatory mechanism of asthma. 
Airway epithelial cells exposed to activation stimuli, including allergens, viruses, and irritants,
Airway epithelial cells ... These T cells then ... induce B-cell class ... #asthma #pathophysiology ... #inflammatory #immunology