10 results
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
diffusion of K+ out of cells ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... 21-OHD in the adrenal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... smooth muscle cells ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... Hypertension - Renal ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
Crises can be precipitated ... The underlying pathophysiology ... of the baseline anaemia ... Crisis #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
the mastoid air cells ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... tissue: Epithelioid cells ... , and possibly renal ... are not caused ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
various inflammatory cells ... periumbilical region), nausea ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
, oral cavity) Caused ... the abdomen for adrenal ... tumors • The adrenal ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
hyperinflammatory syndrome caused ... Presentation • Common Signs ... and Symptoms: ... - Cytopenias (anemia ... Pathophysiology