9 results
Approach to the Diagnosis of Hyperthyroidism - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

 • Secondary Hyperthyroidism (↑↔TSH,
- Differential ... Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm ... Graves disease • Low ... Scan - Low Uptake ... #Differential #
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Hyperthyroidism ... Diagnosis: • ↓ Low ... ↑ AST/ALT • Treatment ... tenderness Treatment ... causes #diagnosis #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride ... Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... • Euvolemic - Hypothyroidism ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... Glucocorticoid deficiency, Hypothyroidism ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Uosm), Hypothyroidism ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... table #sodium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypokalemic salt-losing ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic ... Renal Failure, Hypothyroidism ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low