10 results
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... kaliuresis step 1 ... hypovolemic step 2 ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... discrete buckets: 1. ... (low intake) 2. ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
mutations in AQP-2 ... Obstructive uropathy, Metabolic ... , hypercalcemia) ... Treatment is aimed ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Heat stroke - Metabolic ... renal ischemia 2. ... disease 2. ... 2 L/hour with goal ... #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... in the urine 1. ... normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... : • Calcium 2- ... 5-10U reg IV + 1- ... 2 amps D50W ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Non-Anion Gap Metabolic ... Resistance • Beta-2 ... antagonism • alpha-1 ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
common causes (see 2- ... boluses 10 ml.kg-1 ... with dantrolene Hyperkalaemia ... amiodarone/metoprolol Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... PRES Diagnosis: 1. ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment