41 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
discrete buckets: 1. ... filling of bucket (low ... intake) 2. ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Low PTH: • High ... PTHrP: - Low ... Intoxication - High 1, ... #Workup #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Uric Acid - Low ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Step #1 - Consider ... history Step #2 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... #Differential #Algorithm ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... kaliuresis step 1 ... hypovolemic step 2 ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Hyperkalemic ... Hypokalemic Type 1 ... Proximal Type 2 ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Step 1 . ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... #Algorithm #Nephrology