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diagnosis nephrology potassium causes chloride hyponatremia syndrome urine alkalosis hypochloremia hypotonic management metabolic physiologic table urinary
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... recessive salt-losing ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
salt-losing tubulopathies ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #management #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Differential # ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #causes
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... urine #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic ... Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
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