33 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
circulating volume, Urinary ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Workup History ... plateletcount), peripheral blood ... PLT in selected cases ... #Causes #Workup
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified ... #urology #blood
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
Intraoperative Sepsis ... D). ❿ Insert urinary ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia #Intraoperative ... #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... #nephrology #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Intraoperative Massive Blood Loss - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Expected or unexpected major haemorrhage

❶ Call for
Intraoperative Massive ... for Crises in Anaesthesia ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia #Intraoperative ... #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis ... absent in severe cases ... absent in severe cases ... #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup