13 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Acute tubular injury ... - Diagnostic of ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... renal disease • Granular
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... Granular - May ... disease Red blood ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Ketones • Leukocyte ... Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... #urine #UNa #casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... Optional: urinary
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #causes #urology ... #blood
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
Urine Microscopy ... - Urinary Sediment ... presence of protein, blood ... or leukocyte esterase ... #Microscopy #Urinary
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Red blood ... cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
to Acute Kidney Injury ... circulating volume, Urinary ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Weakness - Dark urine ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... potassium and calcium
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... quantify renal injury ... : UA, Urine protein ... reveals increasing blood ... hematuria, RBC casts