9 results
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
leukocytes. ... Even with normal WBC ... relative to both WBC ... 21% had normal WBC ... #CBC #hematology
Pathogenesis of meningitis 

Risk factors for pathogen entry include immunocompromised state (HIV positive, cancer, chemotherapy patients,
site-specific infections ... changes in the blood ... expression of more leukocyte ... cell (WBC) binding ... #Meningitis #Pathophysiology
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
Intraoperative Sepsis ... ≥ 4mmol.l-1 if infection ... gas, lactate, FBC ... Discuss ongoing management ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
reduced RBC • ... Gamma-irradiated RBC ... Volume Reduced RBC ... • Washed RBC ... Transfusions #diagnosis #management
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
coagulopathy) • CBC ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... reveals increasing blood ... gross hematuria, RBC ... differential #diagnosis #management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... if high risk if WBC ... Imaging: CXR- pulmonary ... QD until normal WBC ... APML #diagnosis #management
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ... Diagnosis and Management ... Diarrhea (>3 BM/d) ± blood ... pain, Fever, ↑WBC ... Perforation) Pathophysiology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: • CBC ... anemia • Sputum/Blood ... Lung #Abscess #pulmonary
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
• Major blood ... : • Increased leukocyte ... Aspergillosis Pathophysiology ... have positive blood ... Fungal #Diagnosis #Management