11 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... , Infective endocarditis ... muscle rupture, Left ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Benign ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
CHF - Left-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Valvular Disease (Preserved Diastolic/Systolic Function)
 • Mitral Stenosis
CHF - Left-Sided ... Algorithm Valvular ... • Restrictive Cardiomyopathy ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... vegetations)/tumor (left ... atrial myxoma)/ ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
Algorithm Unequal ... alternate beats: • Left ... • Restrictive Cardiomyopathy ... Abnormalities #Disorders #Cardiology ... #Algorithm #causes
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Algorithm Cardiac ... Left-Sided Heart ... • Restrictive Cardiomyopathy ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Algorithm #causes
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... night sweats, fever ... Treat underlying cause ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... annular plane into left ... atrium. ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Paradoxical: Right to Left ... - Most Common Cause ... risk factors: cardiomyopathy ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
: • Cardiomyopathy ... heart failure • Mitral ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ... #Palpitations #Cardiology