13 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Assess volume status ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF • liver ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Differential Diagnosis
 • Infections: Cerebral abscess (bacterial, fungal, parasitic), Neurocysticercosis, Tuberculoma, Cerebral
Lesions - Differential ... Infections: Cerebral abscess ... Enhancing #Lesions #Differential ... #Diagnosis #neurology ... #radiology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... history Step #2 - Assess ... DrEricStrong #Hypernatremia ... Algorithm #Sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... • Decreased level ... consciousness • No access ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... thirst, Lack of access ... #Differential # ... #Algorithm #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... diagnosis #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
of Seizures - Differential ... Encephalitis, Brain Abscess ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Hypoxia, Uremia, Liver ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... approach to the differential ... Assess volume status ... include vaptans (HF/liver ... #Differential #
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... status, and focal neurologic ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... #Infections #differential ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... Infectious: Brain abscess ... dystrophies Work ... #Weakness #Differential ... #Diagnosis #neurology