15 results
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
disease • Periodic fever ... multiorgan failure • Fever ... - Nonremitting fever ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hematology #Rheumatology
Ascites Management Principles
Low Salt Diet - 2000 Mg Sodium
Fluid Restriction - Never
Work-horse Diuretic - Aldosterone Antagonist
Combination
Ascites Management ... Restriction - Never ... Work-horse Diuretic ... ebtapper #Ascites #Management ... #cirrhosis #hepatology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... mountain spotted fever ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
- Budd-Chiari syndrome ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Mediterranean fever ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... #hepatology #SAAG
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential ... bartonella (oroya fever ... Hemolytic #Anemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Presentation: • Fever ... recurrent infections/fevers ... index < 2 • EPO Level ... Anemia #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... - 80% have fever ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Subacute-Acute: • Common: fever ... initiation • Differential ... APML #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #oncology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Overwhelming clinical syndrome ... following: • Fever ... lymph node, or liver ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Actively maintained fever ... • Serotonin syndrome ... #Hyperthermia #Differential ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management ... #Workup