12 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... - burns - fevers ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF • liver ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Approach to Hypoproliferative Macrocytic Anemia

 • 812, Folate Deficiency
 • MDS+
 • Hypothyroid
 • Liver Disease
Hypothyroid • Liver ... #Macrocytic #Anemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #algorithm ... #hematology #workup
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Decreased level ... ICU patients • Fever ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... bartonella (oroya fever ... #workup #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Diagnosis Algorithm ... for workup, including ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Inflammatory Conditions: Rheumatologic
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
of Seizures - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... , Liver failure, ... #Causes #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... approach to the differential ... include vaptans (HF/liver ... #Differential # ... #management #nephrology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
disease • Periodic fever ... multiorgan failure • Fever ... - Nonremitting fever ... with leukopenia, anemia ... 10,000 ng/mL • Hyponatremia
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Muscle swelling - Fever ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... , Heat stroke, Fever ... megaloblastic anemia ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology