8 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... Assess volume status ... - burns - fevers ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... consciousness • No access ... ICU patients • Fever ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup ... thirst, Lack of access ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Bear Paw Sign of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis on POCUS

Adult female with right flank pain, fever, leukocytosis, soft
right flank pain, fever ... Diagnosis/differential ... perinephric/psoas abscess ... #clinical #ultrasound ... #renal
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic Renal ... Mass - Differential ... Carcinoma - Abscess ... - Fever and leukocytosis ... Cystic #RenalMass #Nephrology
Urothelial Thickening on Renal POCUS
Teenager (female) with flank pain and fever.  POCUS to evaluate for
Thickening on Renal ... POCUS Teenager ... flank pain and fever ... infarction/abscess ... #ultrasound
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... Pain / Exercise, Fever ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... toxic alcohols, Sodium ... Failure, Renal
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... to work through ... Assess volume status ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium